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Only government can save Nigeria

The way the immediate past President Goodluck Jonathan saved Nigeria from a predicted implosion in the wake of the announcement of the results of 2015 general elections, is the way the Buhari-Osinbajo administration should save Nigeria now from threats of imminent disintegration. There is no need pretending that all is well when, from all indications, the country is under threat.
The fact that Nigeria survived much turbulence in the past is no guarantee that it will always survive. Things have changed. The Nigeria of the 50s, 60s, 70s and 80s is not the Nigeria of today. There is much enlightenment and information flow now is a matter of pressing button.
Jonathan did not hold unto the stereotyped belief that no incumbent president in Nigeria had lost election. Nothing is absolute. If Jonathan held arrogantly to that false belief as he was being prompted to, perhaps, by now, we would be talking a different story.
Although, Jonathan knew that he had the federal might – the military and their arsenal, police and other arms of security with which to confront any uprising if he had been declared winner of that election, he put the survival of the country first. He toed the path of wisdom to the chagrin of the world. There has to be Nigeria before anyone could talk of governance.
By holding unto his own personal conviction, which made him declare that he would not want any person’s blood to be shed because of him, he made history in Nigeria and, indeed, Africa by whole-heartedly accepting to relinquish power, which saved the country. May it be well with Goodluck Jonathan for that singular act.
The turn of events at present is worrisome. Since the coalition of Arewa youths issued ultimatum to the Igbo resident in the North to leave the North or be forced out from October 1, 2017, tension has risen in the ceaseless ethnic consciousness and agitations that bedevil Nigeria.
Regrettably, the Northern Elders Forum (NEF) did not hide their support for the anti-Igbo quit notice. Prominent northern leaders like Professor Ango Abdullahi and Senator Rabiu Musa Kwankwaso, openly backed the youths. But these are the same elders that were expected to call the youths to order and save the country.
The only thing comparable to these eruptions was the days preceding the pogrom in which the Igbo and other Easterners in the North in 1967 were massacred, which led to the Nigeria civil war. The crux of the Arewa declaration is that with effect from October 1, 2017, the North will cease to be part of Nigeria union with the Igbo. In effect, the North has announced its cessation from Nigeria beforehand.
Expectedly, the leaders of the Biafra separatist groups under the Indigenous Peoples of Biafra (IPOB) readily welcomed the declaration as oil that would lubricate the wheel of their march towards Biafra. IPOB called on all Igbo in the North to return en masse without wasting time.
Reports say a coalition of Niger Delta militant groups, in a sharp reaction, rose from a meeting in Port Harcourt, Rivers State ordering all northerners to quit the oil-rich region. The militants threatened to attack all oil wells owned by northerners in the Niger Delta before October 1, 2017.
The Afenifere of the South-West zone, which appeared to be the only reconciliatory group, so far, that has not adopted a combative stance, condemned the quit notice. It went ahead to hold an emergency parley with leaders of the South-East and South-South, threatening that any attack on the Igbo would be deemed as an attack on the entire Southern Nigeria.
The Afenifere described the action of Arewa youths as tragic and called on the northern elders to call the youths to order. Unfortunately, the posturing of the same elders has been anything but pacifist.
From the foregoing, it is obvious that the stage is set for Nigeria’s implosion except government takes immediate action to prevent it. The responsibility rests squarely with the Federal Government. The Federal Government should do something urgent to save Nigeria from disintegration.
Whatever action government decides to take must be measured to ensure that it will help to douse the tension rather than escalate it.
Some people want government to arrest those behind the threats. While this may be in order, legally, the question is will the arrest of these people help to solve the problem? Government should not make the same mistake it made in arresting Nnamdi Kanu of IPOB, which, instead of suppressing the Biafra agitation popularized it and made Nnamdi Kanu a celebrity.
Few Nigerians know those behind the Kaduna declaration. I can bet that arresting them will create another set of celebrities in the North and then worsen the anti-Igbo sentiment in the north. Besides, there are also agitators in the South-East and South-South. Who do you arrest and leave the other? Where are the prisons to keep them? What about the poor legal system that crawls like snail and also corrupt?
Rather than arrest anybody, government should act strategically. Government should invite leaders of the agitators to a round table discussion. Another word for agitation is disturbance. Something is disturbing something somewhere. The disturbance is everywhere. What is this? This is what government has the duty to find out. It will be dangerous for government to refuse to act.
The prediction that Nigeria was to disintegrate in 2015, though, unfulfilled, to me, remains prophesy. While the source of this prophesy could be questionable and not acceptable to many, it should not be ignored or swept under the carpet. The prophesy could be averted as President Jonathan did in 2015 but the right conditions must be instituted to perpetually neutralize it. But Prophesies have time element. The time is open-ended. It may take quite some time for a prophecy to be accomplished.


Source: guardian.ng

RESTRUCTURING - MEMO TO AREWA AND APC By Bala Muhammad

Arewa Follow-Follow! For that is what we are, or have become. Oodua and Ohanaeze have since beaten us to it! Well, as they say ‘better late than never’, the Northern States’ Governors Forum (NSGF) met the other day with Northern Traditional Rulers to chart a way for Arewa on the current restructuring agitations. We hope other kindred spirits such as the Arewa Consultative Forum(ACF), Northern Elders Forum (NEF) and Ahmadu Bello Foundation (ABF) and even those Arewa Youths of October 1 are carried along.
The Oodua States led by Afenifere and its sidekick OPC had since sat and risen with resolutions for what they want. Individual states among them have published their own submissions. Needless to say, Ohaneze and its militant arms MASSOB and IPOB were long on the road to restructuring, nay, secession, including the violent solution being presently enacted by one Nnamdi Kanu.
While the Ibos, if IPOB represents them (and it seems so), are keen on leaving the Nigerian entity, Arewa leaders - political, traditional, spiritual - are hoarsely shouting on us that this nation-state of Nigeria is unbreakable and our being together non-negotiable. Indeed, we have seen ‘non-negotiable’ in the way ‘Awusas’ are being hunted down, one motorcycle, one bus and one truck at a time.
For the Yorubas, we are fortunate that the Afenifere ilk are NOT the political leaders of the South West; they are only the tribal jingoists. In 2003, Obasanjo dealt them a severe blow from which they had hardly recovered when Tinubu dealt them the second upper cut (mahangurba) in 2007, and consolidated his coup with APC merger and Buhari election in 2015. Therefore, Afenifere is all talk (but what a voice); politics is in the hands of Tinubu and his ‘boys’.
The equivalent of Afenifere in the North is the ACF; OPC’s counterpart should be those green-scarf wearing Arewa Youths of the October 1 Kaduna Declaration. In the South East, IPOB is more than that. In this kind of political agitation, it is sad to say the South South is a non-starter, and that’s why the South East takes advantage to include them in Greater Biafra (even though they have their own rabble to deal with).
So, then, the Northern Governors have empaneled a committee on ways forward on this vexatious matter. Most skeptics fear that the committee, as well as the main body, can never go far enough in their recommendations for a way out - call the bluff of the others. They have the handicap of thinking that the Oodua and Ohanaeze threats are existential to Arewa. No. The threats are only a danger to the nation-state called Nigeria - Arewa had been there long before 1914.
Just before the NSGF convened on the issue, the country’s ruling All Progressives Congress (APC) also advertised a Call for Memoranda (Daily Trust Tuesday September 5 page 35) announcing in effect that it had constituted a “Committee on True Federalism with a mandate to review all the ideas…tc, and articulate and align the public position with the party’s manifesto and campaign promises.” The APC then proceeded to list thirteen topics on which it seeks memos.
Well done.
Thursday September 14, the APC came out (Daily Trust page 27) with a timetable for Zonal Consultations.
One fundamental step the APC must take is to prevail upon President Muhammadu Buhari to convene his own National Conference. Regional and Zonal Consultations will just not do. We need another National Confab to obliterate and annihilate the horrible Jonathan 2014 Confab Report. That’s the only way to shut up Afenifere and Ohanaeze.
So, for APC, as well as for Arewa when they come round to asking for memoranda, the following are suggestions (based on the APC’s 13-item list):
1. Creation/Merger of States: No new state should be created, forever. It is suggested that States and Local Governments should be abrogated, and the six GEO-POLITICAL ZONES shall constitute the new Federating Units (same as Oodua). Zonal Capitals shall be situated at a present state capital which approximates the geographical centre of the Zone (Gusau is perfect for the North West as Gombe is for the North East). In place of states, within each geopolitical zone, let every two million chunk of population, to the nearest two million, constitute a PROVINCE. Therefore, while the present Nasarawa and Bayelsa states may become just Provinces automatically, the present Lagos and Kano states may have multiple provinces each (based on the 2006 Census). Provinces could negotiate away (or in) their extras.
2. Derivation Principle: Let derivation be 20% instead of the present 13%. And it should include not only minerals but hydro and food and animal resources. And VAT should not all be in the name of Lagos. All banks and telecoms and other such workers should be taxed and the monies credited where they work and live. After all, they enjoy the roads and the water and the atmosphere and the peace.
3. Devolution of Powers:  Let the Zones be self-governing and take care of policing, prisons and other such. The Federal Government should concentrate on defence and finances and other national commonwealth.
4. Federating Units: As suggested in 1, the six GEO-POLITICAL ZONES shall constitute the new Federating Units.
5. Fiscal Federalism and Revenue Allocation: A future lean Federal Government should take 40% of all revenues; Six Geopolitical Zones 35%; and Provinces 25%. 
6. Form of Government: A hybrid is suggested. Let there be no more a single President; let there be a Presidential Council of six honourable people, one from each Geo-Political Zone. Each Member shall be elected from within the Zone and sent to the National Capital for a single six-year term. Chairmanship (earning, therefore, the title His Excellency, the President) shall be in rotation alphabetically by Zone (NC, SE, NE, SS, NW, SW) and by region (North, South) for a period of a single twelve-month term. Should a Member become otherwise incapacitated, or dies, a bye-election shall be held for replacement in the particular Zone for the period remaining. And if by that time the Zone is Mr. President, it will go to the next Zone and return to the bye-electee at the end of the tenure, to conclude their Zonal term.
7. Independent Candidacy: Yes, there should be.
8. Land Tenure System: There are too many killings in the name of land. Farmer-Herder and Communal Crises are increasing by the day. Land Use Act should be a matter of the Constitution and managed from the Federal Level with input from the Zones. (And just imagine; were the South East, which is land-challenged, bordering on ‘Awusa’-land, they would have said we took their land ab initio.)
9. Local Government Autonomy: There should be no more Local Governments. Zones should be autonomous. So should Provinces.
10. Power Sharing and Rotation: As suggested in 6.
11. Resource Control: As in 2. Minerals and other resources are owned by the hosting Zones and Provinces to the extent of 20% Derivation. The Federal Government should retain regulatory functions.
12. Type of Legislature: We can’t afford a bicameral legislature. A unicameral chamber to be called The National Assembly should suffice. There should be one representative per one million, to the nearest million. With the current population estimate of 180 million, there may then be a National Assembly of 180 members to sit part time. 
13. Any Other Matter: Yes, PMB should convene another National Conference. This time around, in the spirit of Change, let there be one representative per one million, to be determined by the National Population Commission and INEC. That’s fairness. That’s equity. And PMB should subject all decisions to a referendum.
And may Allah make it easy for the President and all of us.
 Source: dailytrust.com.ng

Henry Okelue: Is the government right to clampdown on hate speech?

Ferdinand Nahimana was the founder of Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines, RTLM, a Rwandan radio station that was on air between July 8, 1993 to July 31, 1994. RTLM played a significant role during the Rwandan Genocide of 1994.

During Ferdinand’s sentencing by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, Judge Navanethem Pillay, a South African member of the tribunal said “without a firearm or any physical weapon, you caused the death of thousands of innocent civilians”.

Pillay said this, because Nahimana oversaw the use of radio as the ‘invisible machete’.

His medium was used for extensive dissemination of hate speech. Beyond Rwanda, history captures the atrocities carried out that were actively enabled by hate speech. One cannot but remember what happened that led to the holocaust in Europe in the 1930s and 1940s, and how the mass media played a role.
Considering how far radio, television, and indeed newspapers reach, they are a very potent conduit for escalating conflict.

Some have argued that there is nothing like hate speech captured in the law books. Radical Lagos human rights lawyer Ebun-Olu Adegboruwa recently said as much. In a recent article, Adegboruwa disagrees with the existence of hate speech and termed it as an “unqualified freedom of speech”. He opines that every citizen should be allowed to speak freely, whether what they say have the potential to lead to the harm of an innocent citizen or not.

I beg to disagree with Mr. Adegboruwa.

There might not be a term “hate speech” explicitly expressed in the law books, but the law books also assure of the safety of every Nigerian citizen anywhere they live, and frowns against any act that might lead to incitement.

Hate speech falls under this category. What Ebun-Olu Adegboruwa actually fails to realize is that a number of human right treaties, including International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) in article 20(2), permits countries to prohibit hate speech. Under international law, a particular type of hate speech, “incitement to genocide”, is recognised as a crime as a crime against humanity. After the Second World War, the Nuremberg Tribunal in one of its judgments pronounced incitement to genocide as a crime, even if was not explicitly stated in law at the point of committing the crime.

According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, hate speech is defined as “speech expressing hatred of a particular group of people”.

We can very well see the above in the manner of “free speech” that the various groups agitating for one thing or the other have been pushing out using mass media. The barbaric commentary of Radio Biafra led by Nnamdi Kanu, and the hate filled songs that are reported to be playing on some radio stations in Northern Nigeria come to mind.

It frightens me many times the kind of comments I hear on Wazobia FM in Abuja when listeners call in. Sometimes I just imagine that killing of innocent people has already commenced in such neighbourhoods.
Any responsible government worth the paper on which its name is written would go the route the Nigerian government has taken. Freedom of speech is not absolute. If your freedom of speech will cause harm to another person, then the authorities are well within their right to curtail such freedoms. Your own rights must never be used to infringe on another person’s rights. Your own rights are not more sacred than another person’s.
It is in everybody’s best interest that agitations and grievances are dealt with using legal channels, any other means is a recipe for chaos and disaster.

I am fully in support of government declaring that hate speech will now be viewed as an act of terrorism and the plan to set up special courts to judiciously dispense with such cases. I am also in full support of the measures the National Broadcasting Commission is taking to put media houses in check. It is not gagging the press. It is the protection of the people of Nigeria.

We all need to be circumspect with our utterances, lest we tip the country’s peace in the direction that Rwanda’s went in 1994. We might not be as lucky as Rwanda was.

Henry Okelue is a fiery social and political commentator. He also writes about music. When he is not writing, he is a photographer and connector. You can following him on Twitter as @4eyedmonk. Henry writes from Abuja, Nigeria.

(Source: https://dailytimes.ng/opinion/government-right-clampdown-hate-speech/amp/ )